Follow the wider trail of articles, collections and original documents in the searchable research collection ↗.
Documentary image credits
These photographs show real places at the dates recorded. They have been resized and cropped for display. No generative alterations have been made.
Joseph, Oregon.jpg ↗
Visitor7 · 2013-04-09
Resized for delivery; cropped in page layouts. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Enterprise-Oregon-1912.jpg ↗
Unknown photographer; digital restoration by Tim Davenport · circa 1912
Resized for delivery; cropped in page layouts. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Wallowa Lake & Mountains in Northeastern Oregon (37833564981).jpg ↗
Rick Obst from Eugene, United States · 2017-09-23
Resized for delivery; cropped in page layouts. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
.jpg){kind=link}
Wallowa Wild and Scenic River (34998394195).jpg ↗
Bureau of Land Management Oregon and Washington · 2017-05-25
Resized and cropped for display; no generative alteration. Original source ↗
.jpg){kind=link}
Wallowa Oregon County Courthouse.jpg ↗
Finetooth · 2010-09-17
Resized and cropped for display; no generative alteration. Original source ↗
Joseph, from above ↗
Sam Beebe · 2007-07-08
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Town and working fields ↗
Sam Beebe · 2007-07-08
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
The valley from Mount Howard ↗
Finetooth · 2010-09-17
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Enterprise, from above ↗
Sam Beebe · 2007-07-08
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
A night out begins here ↗
Ian Poellet · 2012-08-05
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Enterprise street corners ↗
Visitor7 · 2013-04-09
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
A place for the next chapter ↗
Ian Poellet · 2013-09-09
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
The working landscape ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 14 June 2011
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
The folds of the prairie ↗
Rick Swart, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife · 2015-11-15
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
.jpg){kind=link}
Winter on Zumwalt Prairie ↗
Rick Swart, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife · 2015-11-16
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
.jpg){kind=link}
A road across the prairie ↗
Rick Swart, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife · 2015-11-15
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
.jpg){kind=link}
A horned lark on the Zumwalt ↗
cricketsblog · 2021-07-21
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
.jpg){kind=link}
The river at Imnaha ↗
Finetooth · 2010-09-18
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
A bend in the road, Imnaha ↗
Finetooth · 2010-09-18
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Following the Imnaha ↗
Sam Beebe · 2007-07-08
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
The everyday buildings of Lostine ↗
Finetooth · 2010-09-18
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Water through Lostine ↗
Finetooth · 2010-09-18
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Summer on the Lostine ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 28 July 2020
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Above the Lostine River ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 28 July 2020
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
A still moment on Wallowa Lake ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 16 May 2012
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
The lake, in spring ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 16 May 2012
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Mountains, twice ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 16 May 2012
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
First light at Fish Lake ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 31 August 2017
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
A barn beneath the mountains ↗
Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives · 20 June 2016
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
An alpine mirror ↗
araddon · 2009-08-03
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Glacier Peak, reflected ↗
Matthew Tharp / U.S. Forest Service · 2012-08-11
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
A Joseph street detail ↗
Rick Obst · 2017-09-23
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Wallowa city hall and fire station ↗
Ian Poellet · 2013-09-10
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 license. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
The EM&M building ↗
Ian Poellet · 2012-08-05
Resized and converted to WebP; layout crops may be applied. Full-frame view is available. No generative alteration. Original source ↗
Films & provider-hosted media
Recordings and thumbnails are served directly by YouTube. The basis for display is the provider’s enabled embedding functionality, checked on the dates below. This does not transfer copyright or grant a download or republication license. Original channels and collection sources remain linked. No institutional partnership is implied.
Wallowa Lake's East Moraine: Securing a Community Legacy ↗
Wallowa Land Trust · YouTube upload: 2019-08-30
Bob Webb: Preserving our History & Family Stories ↗
Josephy Center · YouTube upload: 2026-03-15
Building Community Series: Healthcare ↗
Josephy Center · YouTube upload: 2025-04-30
Building Community Series: Religion ↗
Josephy Center · YouTube upload: 2025-07-06
Hawkins Sisters: Minam Stories ↗
Josephy Center · YouTube upload: 2025-09-12
Lostine Canyon Forest Health ↗
Wallowa Resources · YouTube upload: 2020-02-26
Building Community Series: Main Street Business ↗
Josephy Center · YouTube upload: 2025-06-12
InSight OnSite - Oregon Timber Culture ↗
Capital Community Media · YouTube upload: 2018-02-05
Tamkaliks Film ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland · YouTube upload: 2025-07-03
Wallowa Lake Kokanee ↗
Wallowa Resources · YouTube upload: 2021-09-14
Wenix Red Elk "Áwtni Tk''átat (First Foods)" ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland · YouTube upload: 2021-04-07
Woodlands & Watersheds Festival 2024 ↗
Wallowa Resources · YouTube upload: 2025-03-03
Workforce Housing - Wallowa County Community Meeting (8/31/2023) ↗
Wallowa Resources · YouTube upload: 2023-09-12
Hells Canyon Songs Project- Gary Eller ↗
Wallowa History Center · YouTube upload: Unconfirmed
On To Higher Ground: a Deep West Video by Gwen Trice ↗
Western Folklife Center · YouTube upload: Unconfirmed
David Weaver- The Ku Klux Klan Comes to Wallowa County 1920-1925 ↗
Wallowa History Center · YouTube upload: Unconfirmed
Destination Oregon: M. Crow General Store in Lostine ↗
Central Oregon Daily News · YouTube upload: Unconfirmed
tamaalwit: natural law ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland · YouTube upload: Unconfirmed
The Wallowa Story ↗
Wallowa History Center · YouTube upload: Unconfirmed
Home in 2046: research sources
Original documents behind the future conversation. See how each is cited on Home in 2046.
Vital Wallowa Indicator Project: 2009 Baseline Assessment Report ↗
Oregon State University Extension Service and Rural Studies Program, with Wallowa Resources, NEOEDD and The Ford Institute for Community Building
Printed p.4 (Box 1, 2006 vision; framework and June 2008 forums); p.9 (migration by age); pp.20–21 (Indicator 6, child care arrangements, 2009 survey, n=98 children); p.32 (seasonal homes); pp.34–35 (Indicator 12, living-wage ratios, 2007); p.36 (Indicator 14, balance of trade, 2007); pp.42–43 (Indicator 19, working landscapes); pp.49–55 (civic involvement); pp.58–59 (Indicator 26, community trust); p.60 (summary); p.62 (survey methods)
Economic Opportunity Analysis: 2021 — Wallowa County ↗
Wallowa County Board of Commissioners; prepared by PARC Resources with Oregon DLCD and Business Oregon
Printed p.2 (public process); p.10 (Table 2, school enrollment by district 2009/10); pp.14–15 (Tables 7–8, transfer payments 45.3% vs 29%); p.25 (county portrait); p.28 (lumber volume); p.70 (housing chapter); p.74 (Table 17, housing-authority rent figures)
Community Needs Assessment ↗
Northeast Oregon Economic Development District
Printed p.14 (Built & Natural Environments); p.17 (Economic Development challenges)
Oregon Voices Data Summary: Wallowa County ↗
The Ford Family Foundation, with ECONorthwest and PSU Regional Research Institute
Pages 1–7; p.2 open-ended quotations; p.4 community participation; p.5 health items (medical and dental providers, substance abuse, mental illness); p.7 services
Coordinated Population Forecast for Wallowa County, its Urban Growth Boundaries (UGB), and Area Outside UGBs 2023–2073 ↗
Population Research Center, Portland State University, for the Oregon Population Forecast Program (Marquez, Sharygin, Loftus, Alkitkat, Montcho, Swanson and Wilde, 2023)
P.5 (methodology, held-constant assumptions); p.9 (births and deaths); p.10 (Figure 5, net migration); p.11 (age structure); p.14 (Table 2, UGB and area-outside-UGB estimates and forecasts: Enterprise 2,058→2,279, Joseph 1,160→1,274, Lostine 260→253, Wallowa 902→864, unincorporated 3,011→2,290, 2020→2040); p.17 (Appendix A questionnaire, Franz Goebel); p.18 (Table 5, age table)
Decennial Census population counts, Wallowa County, Oregon: 2000, 2010, 2020 ↗
U.S. Census Bureau
Tables DECENNIALSF12000.P001 (P001001), DECENNIALSF12010.P1, DECENNIALPL2020.P1 (P1_001N), geography 0500000US41063
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 2020–2024, Wallowa County: Data Profiles DP03, DP04, DP05 and Detailed Table B25004 ↗
U.S. Census Bureau
DP04 total, occupied and vacant units and median value; B25004_006E seasonal vacancy (±130); DP03_0062E median household income
Fall Membership Report 2025-26 (with 2015-16 for comparison) ↗
Oregon Department of Education
Worksheets ‘District 20252026’ and ‘District (15-16)’, Wallowa County rows: Enterprise SD 21, Joseph SD 6, Wallowa SD 12, Troy SD 54
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, annual averages, Wallowa County (area 41063), 2022–2025 ↗
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Rows agglvl 70 (county total), 71 (by ownership), 74–78 (by NAICS); disclosure_code N marks suppressed cells
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, annual averages, Wallowa County (area 41063), 2015 ↗
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Rows agglvl 70 and 71
July 2026 Employment and Unemployment in Oregon’s Counties ↗
Oregon Employment Department
P.2, second paragraph
1,791 Acres of Wallowa Lake’s East Moraine Acquired for Wallowa County ↗
Wallowa Land Trust
Headline; ‘Push to protect moraine receives broad support’; ‘A Community Legacy’
Final Hurdle Cleared to Permanently Protect East Moraine Community Forest ↗
Wallowa Land Trust
Paragraphs 2–3; Katy Nesbitt quotation
Wallowa Memorial Hospital 2025 Community Health Needs Assessment — Executive Summary ↗
Wallowa Memorial Hospital and partners; hosted by OHSU Oregon Office of Rural Health
‘Community Priorities’; ‘Aging Population’; ‘Outmigration for Care’; ‘Biggest Gaps in Service’
2024 Community Health Assessment Report ↗
Eastern Oregon Coordinated Care Organization
Printed p.70 (Wallowa County profile); p.71 (Childcare and Housing tables, footnotes 3, 7, 8)
Governor focuses on housing issues in Wallowa County visit ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain (Bill Bradshaw and Mike McInally); served at lagrandeobserver.com
Body text; Nels Gabbert quotation
Working Homes advances housing, building preservation projects in Wallowa County ↗
Elkhorn Media Group (Shannon Weidemann)
EM&M paragraphs and ‘Current upgrades’ list
Interdependence in Wallowa County (from the 2020 TOP report ‘Cornerstones: Economic Mobility and Belonging in Oregon’) ↗
Oregon Community Foundation
Section ‘A community goal to support youth with economic opportunities’; endnote 10 (Opportunity Atlas)
Strategic Planning — Nez Perce Wal’áwa Homeland 100-year strategic plan ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland (nonprofit)
‘Our Story’ (1989 date, 323 acres); pull quote attributed ‘Taz Conner, 1994’ between ‘Our Guiding Values’ and ‘Our Mission’; Goal ‘Reciprocal Relationships’ (10-, 30-, 100-year horizons; ‘address barriers to return’); funders list
About Us — Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland (nonprofit)
‘Who We Are’ (self-description); ‘Our Work’; ‘Organizational History’
Fisheries Resources Management — Nez Perce Tribe ↗
Nez Perce Tribe, Department of Fisheries Resources Management
Opening paragraph; ‘Production Division’ project list (Lostine River Supplementation Project)
Restored Coho Salmon Run Supports Tribal, Sport Fisheries in Northeast Oregon for First Time in Decades ↗
NOAA Fisheries, West Coast Region
Paragraphs 2–3
Snake River Basin Adult Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring 2021 Annual Report ↗
Nez Perce Tribe, Department of Fisheries Resources Management (copy hosted by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)
P.4 (weir operation dates); p.26, Table 3 (Lostine River tributary escapement 914, 95% CI 746–1,164)
East Moraine Community Forest Multi-Use Management Plan ↗
Wallowa County / Wallowa Lake Moraines Partnership
Rangeland — Status p.41 (Yanke Family Trust 2015 plan, 100–125 cow-calf pairs south of the elk fence); p.43 (committee recommendation of 80 cow-calf pairs on the southern pasture for August and September 2022); Management Actions pp.45–46 (rotation system, $75,000 permanent-fence estimate, ‘one of the most significant barriers’)
How virtual fencing could change rangeland management ↗
Oregon Public Broadcasting, Think Out Loud (Gemma DiCarlo; host Dave Miller)
Transcript; Pete Schreder on costs, training and the East Moraine pilot
Virtual Fence Technology — Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center ↗
Oregon State University, College of Agricultural Sciences
Introductory text; blurb under ‘Part 3 – Up and Running’
Where’s the grass-fed beef? ↗
Cory Carman, published by PERC (Property and Environment Research Center)
Paragraphs 5–7
Forests — Wallowa Resources ↗
Wallowa Resources
‘All-Lands Approach to Forest Health’, 2024 metrics block
Eastern Oregon town damaged by hail storm recovers together ↗
Oregon Public Broadcasting, Think Out Loud (Sage Van Wing; host Dave Miller interviewing Mayor Gary Hulse)
Transcript; Hulse on the number of homes damaged
State sends millions to Eastern Oregon to deal with storm damage, pollution ↗
Oregon Public Broadcasting (Antonio Sierra)
Opening Wallowa section, before ‘Nitrates and flooding’
Honor UMCOR Sunday & OR-ID Disaster Response on March 15 ↗
Oregon-Idaho Annual Conference, The United Methodist Church
Bulleted list ‘OR-ID Conference UMCOR response by the numbers’, fourth bullet
Wallowa County Microgrid Plan (filed as public testimony document 122821 on HB 2066) ↗
ProtoGen, Inc. for Wallowa Resources Community Energy Program; filed by Wallowa County (John Hillock)
P.1 (CESP adoption December 20, 2023); Executive Summary cost table; p.42 (biomass, interconnection); p.43 (Limitations); p.44 (Engage Pacific Power, $300 review)
Community Energy Plan and Microgrid pages — Wallowa Resources Community Energy Program ↗
Wallowa Resources Community Energy Program
‘Community Review Panel’ (energy-plan page); opening status sentence (microgrid page)
Workforce Introduction ↗
Robert Barclay et al., Flex Monitoring Team
P.5, opening Wallowa Memorial paragraph
Maxville Milestones ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Entries under ‘2015’, ‘2018’, ‘2023’, ‘2024’
Our Story — ‘Breathing Life Into A Ghost Town’ ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Paragraphs 3–8 (population, Bowman-Hicks, segregation, 1933 closure)
Maxville Collections ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Video Collection and Oral History Collection blocks
Steve Parks — Oregon Culture Keepers Roster ↗
Oregon Folklife Network, University of Oregon
‘Bio’ section
Three minutes with … Justin Doherty ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain, via Historic Oregon Newspapers (University of Oregon Libraries)
Page A9, headed Public Works, City of Joseph
Library district fails ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain (Paul Wahl), via Historic Oregon Newspapers
Page A1, paragraphs 2–6
Books, continued from Page A1 ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain, via Historic Oregon Newspapers
Page A9, ‘BOOKS’ continuation
3 years after joining the Greater Idaho cause, Wallowa County votes to stop talking about it ↗
Oregon Public Broadcasting (Antonio Sierra)
Body text
Rich Wandschneider: A ‘greater’ — and wealthier — Wallowa County ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain (opinion column)
Body text
Tamkaliks Celebration — Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland (nonprofit)
Sections ‘Tamkaliks: Beginnings’ (1990 first powwow, 1998 move and naming), ‘Tamkaliks 2026 Schedule’, ‘Tamkaliks Celebration & Friendship Feast’
Research and public records
Oregon active business registrations ↗
Oregon Secretary of State
Principal-place-of-business records only. A registration is not evidence of a currently operating storefront. Community names are not a substitute for a county-boundary match.
Wallowa County government ↗
Wallowa County
Property assessment and official records ↗
Wallowa County Assessor
State forestry tax-lot display ↗
Oregon Department of Forestry
Display-only service. Record queries are not enabled. County data currency varies; this is not a historical boundary reconstruction.
Oregon assessor map viewer ↗
Oregon Department of Revenue
Wallowa County communities and directory ↗
Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce
Enterprise community introduction ↗
Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce
Joseph community introduction ↗
Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce
Lostine community introduction ↗
Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce
Troy, Flora, and the Grande Ronde ↗
Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce
Enterprise city government ↗
City of Enterprise
Enterprise buildings: library and OK Theatre ↗
City of Enterprise
Enterprise School District 21 ↗
Enterprise School District
Writing and the West ↗
Fishtrap
Brewery and brewpub in Enterprise ↗
Terminal Gravity Brewing
Hospital, clinics, and senior living ↗
Wallowa County Health Care District
Stewardship, education, and rural livelihoods ↗
Wallowa Resources
Support and contact information ↗
Safe Harbors
Working landscapes and the East Moraine ↗
Wallowa Land Trust
Testimony on working agricultural lands, March 14, 2023 ↗
Kathleen Ackley / Oregon Legislature
Joseph city government ↗
City of Joseph
Joseph Public Library ↗
City of Joseph
Joseph Charter School ↗
Joseph School District
Arts, learning, and gathering ↗
Josephy Center for Arts and Culture
Library collections and exhibits ↗
Josephy Library of Western History and Culture
The Archivists come to town, July 4, 2012 ↗
Rich Wandschneider / Josephy Library
Audio and visual archives ↗
Josephy Library
Recordings remain with their original host. Links are provided; republication permission and full checked transcripts have not been obtained.
First Bank of Joseph and Wallowa County Museum ↗
Wallowa County Museum
First Bank of Joseph historic-site record ↗
Oregon State Historic Preservation Office
Valley Bronze: production and history ↗
Valley Bronze of Oregon
Valley Bronze foundry location ↗
Joseph Chamber of Commerce
Stein Distillery: from grain to glass ↗
Stein Distillery
Joseph tasting room ↗
Stein Distillery
Chocolate making in Joseph ↗
Arrowhead Chocolates
Natural History Discovery Center ↗
Wallowology
The site announces that the center is closed for the 2026 season while presentations continue. Older opening information also remains on the page.
Wallowa County historical collections ↗
Wallowa History Center
History and continuing cultural life ↗
Nez Perce Tribe
The Wallowa homeland today ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland
The history of the Homeland organization ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland
Wallowa County historical records inventory ↗
Oregon State Archives
Wallowa Lake documentary photograph, September 2017 ↗
Rick Obst / Wikimedia Commons
Enterprise postcard, circa 1912 ↗
Unknown photographer / Wikimedia Commons
East First Street in Joseph, April 2013 ↗
Visitor7 / Wikimedia Commons
Address geocoding, current public benchmark ↗
U.S. Census Bureau
Coordinates are interpolated from address ranges, not surveyed building or parcel locations. Acquired September 13, 2026.
Parish introduction and history ↗
St. Katherine of Siena Catholic Church
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center: its history ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center: contact and location ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Wallowa Lake's East Moraine: Securing a Community Legacy ↗
Wallowa Land Trust
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. This 2019 campaign film predates the January 2020 public acquisition. Follow the East Moraine record for the subsequent history; the campaign’s proposals are part of that earlier moment.
Tamkaliks Film ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Published by Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland, an independent nonprofit organization. Its inclusion does not imply a partnership with the atlas or authorship by the Nez Perce tribal government.
My Journey on The Promise Road-Maxville, Oregon, a Deep West Video by Gwendolyn Trice ↗
Western Folklife Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. A film by Gwendolyn Trice, presented in its original recording. This is existing, attributed work, not a new atlas interview.
Hawkins Sisters: Minam Stories ↗
Josephy Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Date conflict: YouTube lists an upload on September 12, 2025, while the publisher’s description labels the talk August 26, 2026. The recording date needs confirmation.
Building Community Series: Main Street Business ↗
Josephy Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. The publisher describes this as an April 2025 conversation in its Building Community series. Business details reflect that discussion and may have changed.
Wenix Red Elk "Áwtni Tk''átat (First Foods)" ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Listen to the speaker’s account in the original recording. The atlas’s introductory text is editorial context, not a transcript or quotation.
Building Community Series: Religion ↗
Josephy Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. The publisher dates the discussion June 10, 2025. This is one conversation, not an inventory of the county’s faiths or a statement on behalf of every member of a community.
Building Community Series: Healthcare ↗
Josephy Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. A recorded 2025 discussion. Follow current service records and providers for today’s contact details and availability.
Bob Webb: Preserving our History & Family Stories ↗
Josephy Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. The publisher dates the talk November 18, 2025; the video was uploaded in March 2026. Those are separate dates.
Workforce Housing - Wallowa County Community Meeting (8/31/2023) ↗
Wallowa Resources
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Recorded August 31, 2023. Proposed projects and plans in this meeting must not be read as current approvals or completed developments.
Lostine Canyon Forest Health ↗
Wallowa Resources
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. An earlier published film, uploaded in 2020. It does not establish the current condition of every part of the canyon.
Woodlands & Watersheds Festival 2024 ↗
Wallowa Resources
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. This recording concerns the 2024 festival and was uploaded in 2025. It is not an announcement of an upcoming event.
Wallowa Lake Kokanee ↗
Wallowa Resources
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Uploaded in 2021. No caption track was listed when checked; a verified transcript has not yet been added to the atlas.
InSight OnSite - Oregon Timber Culture ↗
Capital Community Media
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Published in 2018. Exhibition details in the recording describe that presentation and are not current opening information.
Building footprints · 2021 study ↗
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries
DOGAMI O-22-03: 9,703 footprint polygons and 9,708 assessment points are distinct inventories from the 2021 risk study. Building characteristics are historical study inputs, not current assessments.
Road centerlines ↗
US Census Bureau
2025 TIGER/Line release, selected or clipped to the county. Release year does not establish the observation date of every feature.
Lakes and water areas ↗
US Census Bureau
2025 TIGER/Line release, selected or clipped to the county. Release year does not establish the observation date of every feature.
Streams and water lines ↗
US Census Bureau
2025 TIGER/Line release, selected or clipped to the county. Release year does not establish the observation date of every feature.
School districts ↗
US Census Bureau
2025 TIGER/Line release, selected or clipped to the county. Release year does not establish the observation date of every feature.
Mineral assay locations ↗
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries
DOGAMI assay location records. They do not establish mineral ownership, reserves, or allowed extraction.
Surface-water rights ↗
Oregon Water Resources Department
OWRD places of use, clipped to the county. Coverage omits some irrigation-district and other rights. A mapped water right is not proof of current availability or transferability. Holder names and private contact fields are omitted.
Building risk-study points ↗
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries
9,708 building points from the 2021 risk assessment. Population estimates, private owner fields, and historical map-taxlot identifiers are not exposed.
County boundary ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
City limits ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
Urban growth boundaries ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
Fire districts ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
Wilderness areas ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
Livestock districts ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
Voting precincts ↗
Wallowa County
County-published public service. Service edit date is not a legal effective date.
Enterprise zoning · 2023 ↗
Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development / GEO
Enterprise coverage only. Joseph, Lostine, Wallowa and unincorporated county are not provided in this public statewide release. Consult current local zoning before determining allowed uses.
Mineral occurrences and historic workings ↗
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries
MILO historical mineral occurrences, prospects and mines. Presence is not evidence of an economically recoverable deposit, mineral ownership, or permission to mine.
Public land management ↗
Oregon Department of Forestry / GEO
Public-land management compilation. A management polygon does not establish public access or the ownership of subsurface minerals.
Mapped geologic faults ↗
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries
DOGAMI OGDC 8 mapped fault traces. The public layer does not establish activity age, earthquake probability, or a site-specific setback.
County taxlots ↗
Wallowa County
All 8,611 features in the county public service. OBJECTID identifies the source feature; lot suffixes repeat and are not complete assessor IDs. Area is calculated from geometry. Service-wide edit date is not an individual boundary survey date.
Census tracts ↗
US Census Bureau
2025 TIGER/Line release, selected or clipped to the county. Release year does not establish the observation date of every feature.
Groundwater rights ↗
Oregon Water Resources Department
OWRD places of use, clipped to the county. Coverage omits some irrigation-district and other rights. A mapped water right is not proof of current availability or transferability. Holder names and private contact fields are omitted.
Geologic units · OGDC 8 ↗
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries
DOGAMI Oregon Geologic Data Compilation release 8. County-clipped bedrock and surficial units compiled from maps of differing scales and dates. Not a site investigation or a mineral-rights inventory.
Soil map units · SSURGO ↗
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
USDA NRCS Soil Data Access county-intersecting map units, clipped to the county boundary. Participating survey catalogs last restored August–September 2025; field observations vary in date. Map-unit summaries can contain several soil components. They are not parcel-specific testing, zoning, septic approval, or a development determination.
Wetlands and deepwater habitats ↗
US Fish and Wildlife Service
USFWS National Wetlands Inventory, May 2026 state release clipped to Wallowa County. Mapping imagery dates vary; see the wetland mapping dates layer. Not a jurisdictional delineation, permit decision, or evidence that unmarked land is dry.
Mapped riparian areas ↗
US Fish and Wildlife Service
USFWS National Wetlands Inventory, May 2026 state release clipped to Wallowa County. Mapping imagery dates vary; see the wetland mapping dates layer. Not a jurisdictional delineation, permit decision, or evidence that unmarked land is dry.
Wetland mapping dates ↗
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Project metadata accompanying the May 2026 USFWS National Wetlands Inventory download. Image year and scale describe source evidence, not a field inspection of an individual parcel.
Lostine Pharmacy — Oregon Historic Sites Database ↗
Oregon State Historic Preservation Office
Building description, medical and lodge history; listed November 24, 2014. Historic uses are not current service listings.
Incorporated Cities: Lostine ↗
Oregon Secretary of State
Incorporated December 28, 1903; official city profile.
Lostine River: Telling the Restoration Story ↗
Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board
Upper Lostine Minimum Flow Agreement, project history and links to technical evidence.
Telling the Restoration Story: The Lostine River ↗
Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board
Interactive maps, video, hatchery and habitat-restoration context.
Fisheries Resources Management ↗
Nez Perce Tribe
The Tribe’s own description of its fisheries program, including Lostine supplementation.
Restored Coho Salmon Run Supports Tribal, Sport Fisheries in Northeast Oregon ↗
NOAA Fisheries
2020 report. A dated account of a return, not a current run count or fishing regulation.
Lostine River — Wild and Scenic Rivers ↗
National Wild and Scenic Rivers System
Headwaters, glaciated valley and fisheries description.
Southfork Grange #605 ↗
Southfork Grange
Organization’s mission, educational activity and community lunches.
Lostine Farmer’s Market ↗
Southfork Grange
Page advertises its 2026 season. Verify schedules with the organizer before travel.
City of Lostine — events and meeting notices ↗
City of Lostine
Includes explicitly dated 2017 library, recycling and council notices. These are historical records, not current events.
M. Crow & Company General Store ↗
Travel Oregon
Profile dates establishment to 1907 and ownership transition to 2013. Dirty Freehub’s description instead says 1906; founding date needs original business records.
The M Crow General Store ↗
Dirty Freehub
Six-minute film listing. The provider hosts the recording; acquisition status is tracked separately in the research collection.
History Tidbit: Soda Fountains ↗
Marilyn Hulse / Wallowa History Center
Written April 2024, posted July 26, 2024. Local retrospective; store identifications refer to the author’s account.
History Tidbits: Lettuce Mania ↗
Marilyn Hulse / Wallowa History Center
Written May 2023, posted November 8, 2023. Describes the 1923–1939 lettuce experiment.
History Tidbits: Wallowa County Diversity ↗
Marilyn Hulse / Wallowa History Center
Written March 2023, posted November 8, 2023. Community-history account, not a census of current identities.
History Tidbits: The Petition of 1901 ↗
Marilyn Hulse / Wallowa History Center
Written October 2023, posted December 7, 2023. Attribute the account; the original petition and federal response require further research.
History Tidbits: Nez Perce in Lower Valley ↗
Marilyn Hulse / Wallowa History Center
January 3, 2024; describes Benjamin Curtis’s photographic collection. Photographs remain with the holder pending item-level permissions.
Maxville ↗
Gwen Trice / Oregon Encyclopedia
Updated July 18, 2023; labor, segregated housing and schools, and descendants’ history.
Hello Neighbor ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Storysharing project recorded from 2021; named accounts have their own contexts. No Atlas interviews or partnership implied.
Maxville Oral History Collection ↗
Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Index names six elder interviews. Some item links returned 404 during this pass; index access does not establish preservation of a recording.
Chinese Massacre at Deep Creek ↗
Greg Nokes / Oregon Encyclopedia
Updated June 1, 2026. Distinguishes evidence, disputed victim totals, court records and memorial history.
Resources and Research Tools ↗
Wallowa History Center
Directory of newspapers, Horner papers, historical works and libraries. A collection directory is not item-level acquisition.
The Wallowa Story ↗
The Wallowa Story / Wallowa History Center
1987 narrated slide presentation restored and screened in 2022; film, transcript and slide links. Treat as a historical interpretation.
The Wallowa History Center and “Lessons from the Findleys” ↗
Rich Wandschneider / Josephy Library
May 20, 2026; a named author’s interpretation of the Findley book. Original book and newspaper series are separate research targets.
People Like Us ↗
People Like Us
Organization’s own description of rural 2SLGBTQIA+ support; September 2026 event notice read on September 13, 2026. An event notice is not confirmation that it occurred.
First Presbyterian Church, Lostine ↗
Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)
Denominational directory record. Historical activity and current worship times need separate sources.
Destination Oregon: M. Crow General Store in Lostine ↗
Central Oregon Daily News
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. This is a published feature about the store; it is not a current inventory of services or an Atlas interview.
The Wallowa Story ↗
Wallowa History Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. The hosting project links the complete transcript and annotated slides at https://www.thewallowastory.com/ . Read this as a historical interpretation made for the centennial, alongside later research.
On To Higher Ground: a Deep West Video by Gwen Trice ↗
Western Folklife Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. A filmmaker’s own account, preserved at its original publisher. No words have been transcribed or rewritten by the atlas.
Maxville, Oregon - Past, Present, Future: a Deep West Video by Gwendolyn Trice ↗
Western Folklife Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. This recording is linked by Maxville’s own collection and hosted by the Western Folklife Center. Publication date and caption availability remain unconfirmed.
tamaalwit: natural law ↗
Nez Perce Wallowa Homeland
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. The nonprofit presents this film in its own terms. Inclusion does not imply that the organization or any tribal government is a partner in the atlas.
Hells Canyon Songs Project- Gary Eller ↗
Wallowa History Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. This is a historical and musical presentation at the original publisher. Caption availability and publication date have not been confirmed.
David Weaver- The Ku Klux Klan Comes to Wallowa County 1920-1925 ↗
Wallowa History Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. A historical examination of racist organizing, linked and published by Wallowa History Center. Its title’s dates describe the subject period, not the recording date.
Oregon Historic Cemeteries and the 1879 Robbery of Old Chief Joseph’s Grave ↗
Wallowa History Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. This historical presentation concerns grave desecration. The recording’s title and provider have been verified; a full transcript has not been acquired.
The 1866-67 Survey of Wallowa County, Oregon and Nez Perce Resistance ↗
Wallowa History Center
Provider-hosted YouTube recording. Original channel and collection context are recorded on the film page. Linked and published by the Wallowa History Center. The historical subject dates are distinct from the recording’s publication date, which is unconfirmed.
Federal subsurface mineral interests ↗
Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office
BLM federal subsurface-interest codes. These are distinct from surface ownership and mineral occurrences. None means no federal mineral interest in this compilation, not that no private or state mineral rights exist. Consult Master Title Plats and title records for a specific interest. Displayed acres are computed from county-clipped geometry, not recorded legal acreage. Source observation/update date is unspecified.
Wallowa County Economic Opportunity Analysis ↗
Wallowa County
2021. Printed pages 25–28: vision, housing and economic goals. The analysis discusses entrepreneurship, working lands and housing alongside modest growth. Its proposals include rural housing opportunities as well as support for communities; it should not be read as agreement on one housing strategy.
East Moraine Community Forest: acquisition and acreage ↗
Wallowa Land Trust
East Moraine conservation easement, January 2023 ↗
Wallowa Land Trust
Organization’s account of the signed easement; not a parcel-specific legal interpretation.
Historical mining case locations · closed ↗
Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office
BLM MiningClaims closed-case layer, distinct from the smaller HUB recent-change extract. PLSS-derived case locations are often broader than staked boundaries; geocoding can omit cases. These closed cases do not establish current ownership or extraction rights. Claimant names are not acquired. Displayed acres are computed from county-clipped geometry, not recorded legal acreage. Source observation/update date is unspecified.
Surface management & ownership classes ↗
Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office
BLM compilation of surface status. BLM states that ownership records outside federal lands are incomplete. Private land is classified without naming individuals or businesses; agency categories describe mapped status, not a title opinion, public access, or parcel-level beneficial ownership. Displayed acres are computed from county-clipped geometry, not recorded legal acreage. Source observation/update date is unspecified.
Casting and fabrication services ↗
Valley Bronze of Oregon
Steve Parks: bronze artistry and foundry operating ↗
Oregon Folklife Network, University of Oregon
Undated profile; evidence of the trade and named operations, not a current operating census.
About Timber Bronze ↗
Timber Bronze
Classic Square Doorbell: materials and process ↗
Timber Bronze
Shelley Curtiss artist profile ↗
Curtiss Studios
Categorized membership directory ↗
Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce
Overlapping directory categories, not an exhaustive county business inventory or NAICS classifications.
Wallowa County annual employment and wages, 2022–2025 ↗
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
QCEW covered payroll employment. Suppressed values are unknown, not zero; establishments are not firms.
Oregon Voices: Wallowa County ↗
The Ford Family Foundation
Survey began in 2021; summary issued in 2023. Pages 1–2: sample and themes; pages 3–7: responses. The summary combines 86 respondents: 77 from the random-household phase and 9 from an engagement phase. It records appreciation for landscape and neighbors alongside concerns about everyday services. These are respondents’ experiences, not a vote by the whole county.
Nez Perce Wal’áwa Homeland strategic plan ↗
Nez Perce Wal’áwa Homeland
Adopted 2023. Presence and belonging; 10-, 30- and 100-year horizons. The organization’s plan connects homecoming with family life, work, cultural practice and stewardship over generations. It is a nonprofit’s own plan; the organization and sovereign tribal governments are distinct.
Wallowa Lake ceremony honors return of land to Nez Perce ↗
Oregon-Idaho Conference, United Methodist Church · Greg Nelson
August 2, 2018; updated August 8. Account by the transferring institution. The fisheries management described is the plan at transfer, not a present-day habitat assessment.
Wallowa UMC returned to the Nez Perce Tribe ↗
Oregon-Idaho Conference, United Methodist Church · Kristen Caldwell
April 30, 2021. Reports transfer of keys and deed, including the church lot and a lot behind it; future uses remained under consideration. Does not establish current use or imply a partnership with this atlas.
Three minutes with … Justin Doherty ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain · Historic Oregon Newspapers, University of Oregon Libraries
February 7, 2018, page A9. Published interview, headed Public Works, City of Joseph. Employment and volunteer roles refer to the interview date. Quotation retains the speaker’s wording; no present-day employment claim.
Wallowa County Artist Eugene Hayes ↗
Wallowa History Center · Marilyn Hulse
Undated local historical retrospective. Describes commercial signs, advertising montages, maps and commissions. The location of a surviving artwork does not establish public access or reproduction permission.
Fishtrap: Our History ↗
Fishtrap
Organization’s undated retrospective: Rich Wandschneider, Kim Stafford and Alvin Josephy organized the first Wallowa Lake gathering in 1988. The conference theme is quoted as published.
Library district fails ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain · Paul Wahl; Historic Oregon Newspapers
May 23, 2018, page A1. Contemporary report of the May 15 vote on Measure 32-41, funding background and arguments on each side; not a current library-service directory.
Redistributing the county library collection · Books, continued from A1 ↗
Wallowa County Chieftain · Historic Oregon Newspapers
August 8, 2018, page A9, Books continuation. Distinguishes transferred literacy kits from proposed book placements and storage. Existing city libraries are distinct from the closing county library.
Reclaiming Maxville: The Legacy of African American Lumber Workers in the Pacific Northwest ↗
Forest History Society, with Maxville Heritage Interpretive Center
Digital exhibit curated by Yolanda Hester and Elizabeth Flowers, with Gwendolyn Trice and Sierra Newby-Smith. Locator: Working in Lumber, Ruth Carman’s recollection. Oral testimony is attributed as recollection, not silently converted into an independently dated incident report.
Walter Carper’s Merry-Go-Round ↗
Wallowa History Center · Marilyn Hulse
February 2023. Retrospective citing the original Wallowa County History, page 90, and Stories of Wallowa Lake. No precise construction or relocation date supplied; original volumes remain research leads.
Harney County Small Diameter Tree Economic Summit · Wallowa Resources case study ↗
High Desert Partnership · Dr. Brenda Smith
Summit October 8–9, 2014, Burns, Oregon; page 8, Collaborative Operating Model for Underutilized Wood, Nils Christoffersen. A contemporaneous summary of the presenter’s account, not an audited financial statement. Market destinations and product mix are historical.
Reaching Back for Truth ↗
Oregon Humanities · S. Renee Mitchell and Joe Whittle
August 24, 2017. Reported profile with interviews and documentary photographs. Locator: Trice’s 2003 discovery, recorded interviews, the 2008 center, and encounter with Alvin Marsh. Images remain with the publisher; no republication permission inferred.
Enterprise projects: EM&M building ↗
Working Homes LLC
Publication: undated. Locator: City of Enterprise; EM&M Building; paragraphs 1–3. Owner’s account; last remaining affordable claim is not an independently tested inventory.
Working Homes advances housing, building preservation projects in Wallowa County ↗
Shannon Weidemann (McKone), Elkhorn Media Group
Publication: 2026-09-02. Locator: EM&M paragraphs and five-item Current upgrades list. Separate publication, but project account centers on Working Homes; no tenant interviews or independent completion inspection stated.
Neighbors Gather Together After Extreme Hailstorm in Wallowa ↗
Rural Organizing Project; Kelli Bosak byline, Sidra/ROP sign-off
Publication: 2022-09-07. Locator: Opening update; reproduced appeal headed Hailstorm-Stricken Town of Wallowa Needs Help!, created August 14, 2022. Updated December 8, 2023. Fundraiser republication is not independent reporting. Damage/FEMA statements are organizer assertions, not an official eligibility determination.
Eastern Oregon town damaged by hail storm recovers together ↗
OPB Think Out Loud; Sage Van Wing; Dave Miller interviews Gary Hulse
Publication: 2022-08-25. Locator: Transcript: insurance discussion; question beginning What have you already seen; Hulse answer on vouchers and plywood. Computer-created, volunteer-edited transcript; Hulse’s estimates remain attributed. Audio duration 10:46; quotation timecodes not checked.
State sends millions to Eastern Oregon to deal with storm damage, pollution ↗
Antonio Sierra, OPB
Publication: 2022-09-29. Locator: Opening Wallowa section, before Nitrates and flooding. Distinguish approved funding from completed repairs. Hulse’s testimony overlaps his earlier interview; legislative decision reporting adds a different evidence function.
Wallowa County Community Food Assessment ↗
Joshua Russell, RARE AmeriCorps; NEOEDD and Oregon Food Bank
Publication: 2012. Locator: Printed/PDF pp. 7–8 methodology; 12–13 6 Ranch; 16–18 processing and distribution. Year established internally by 2012 survey/report context; 2023 URL is upload path. Survey 133 respondents was not a probability sample. Regulations and businesses described historically, not current guidance.
Growing the 16% ↗
Western Organization of Resource Councils
Publication: undated. Locator: Printed/PDF p. 21, Stafford’s upgrade from custom exempt to USDA-certified; p. 2 publisher statement. Advocacy network recounts work by member Oregon Rural Action. Undated PDF, with summer 2012 event; not independent financial or employment audit.
Workforce Introduction ↗
Robert Barclay et al., Flex Monitoring Team
Publication: 2025-03. Locator: Printed/PDF p. 5, opening Wallowa Memorial paragraph; p. 4 Quality of Life. Short case study, no item-level source for Wallowa interview or outcome statistics. PDF extraction contains an unrelated 2021 text layer; visible March 2025 title governs.
Enterprise Mercantile & Milling Company Building: National Register nomination ↗
Sally Donovan and Adrienne Donovan-Boyd; National Park Service
Nomination received January 2012. PDF pages 15–16, City and County Intervention; section 7, architectural description. Historical reconstruction using newspaper articles and commissioner minutes; those underlying items were not separately examined for this edition. Building photographs credited to the preparers, summer/fall 2010; republication permission unverified.
Where’s the grass-fed beef? ↗
Cory Carman / PERC
February 24, 2011. First-person essay; paragraphs on institutional customers, processing costs, and distribution. Business experience and price changes are author-reported, not an independent financial audit.
About us: three ways to buy Carman Ranch beef ↗
Carman Ranch
Undated page examined September 13, 2026. Locators: Get Carman Ranch → Carman Ranch Direct, Cow Share, Wholesale. Producer description; no independent verification of profitability or environmental performance. Images remain linked at source, not licensed for republication.
Honor UMCOR Sunday & OR-ID Disaster Response on March 15 ↗
Oregon-Idaho Conference, United Methodist Church
February 18, 2026. Locator: OR-ID Conference UMCOR response by the numbers, October 2022–April 2023 entry. Reports a $10,000 Wallowa grant, case manager serving 324 households, and 30 cases closed. Service counts are not a verified number of repaired homes; statewide totals are not Wallowa totals.
Wallowa Memorial Hospital: 2025 community health assessment summary ↗
Oregon Office of Rural Health / Wallowa Memorial Hospital
2025 assessment; PDF pages 1–2, priorities, housing and care access. Survey estimates and key-informant perspectives, not a housing inventory or a referendum. Summary combines data from different reference years.
Wallowa County QuickFacts: housing, population and business measures ↗
U.S. Census Bureau
Read September 13, 2026. Locators: Age and Sex, Housing, Income & Poverty, Businesses. Age figures use V2025; housing costs/income are 2020–2024 estimates in 2024 dollars; nonemployer counts are 2023. Median gross rent is not a current asking rent. Web page examined; direct archival fetch returned 403.